@inproceedings{, author = {Terzimehić, Tarik and Barner, Simon and Dantas, Yuri Gil and Sch{\"{o}}pp, Ulrich and Nigam, Vivek and Ke, Pei}, title = {Safety-Aware Deployment Synthesis and Trade-Off Analysis of Apollo Autonomous Driving Platform}, booktitle = {9th International Workshop on Automotive System/Software Architectures ({WASA}) co-located with {ICSA} 2023}, publisher = {IEEE}, year = {2023}, month = mar, abstract = {The adoption of autonomous cars requires operational critical functions even in the event of HW faults and/or SW defects, and protection of safety-critical functions against security threats. Defining appropriate safe and secure architectures is challenging and costly. In previous work, we have proposed tools to automate the recommendation of safety and security patterns for safety-critical systems. However, safety and security measures may (negatively) influence system performance, besides introducing additional development effort. We present a design space exploration approach, a model-based engineering workflow and tool prototype for automated guidance on trade-off decisions when applying safety and security patterns on a given (unsafe) baseline architecture. Based on models that abstract the vehicle’s functionality and its software and hardware components, as well as an engine for the automated pattern recommendation, we investigate the optimization of HW/SW deployments, and provide a trade-off analysis for different architecture candidates. We implemented our approach in an open-source tool and evaluate it with a model of the Apollo autonomous driving platform.}, doi = {10.1109/ICSA-C57050.2023.00070}, keywords = {Autonomous vehicles, Apollo, model-driven development, system architecture, safety, model-based systems engineering, MbSE, design-space exploration, DSE, AutoFOCUS3, AF3}, } @article{Huang2014, author = {Huang, Jia and Barner, Simon and Raabe, Andreas and Buckl, Christian and Knoll, Alois}, title = {A framework for reliability-aware embedded system design on multiprocessor platforms}, journal = {Microprocessors and Microsystems}, volume = {38}, number = {6}, pages = {539--551}, year = {2014}, month = mar, abstract = {This paper presents a model-driven framework that provides a tool-supported design flow for fault-tolerant embedded systems. Its system models comprise abstract descriptions of the application and the underlying execution platform. They provide the input to our analysis and optimization techniques that enable the automated exploration of design alternatives for applications with reliability requirements. The automated generation of source code and platform configuration files speeds up the development process. Our contribution is to advance reliability-aware design further into practice by providing an integrated tool framework and removing unrealistic assumptions in the analyzes. The case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.}, issn = {0141-9331}, doi = {10.1016/j.micpro.2014.02.007}, keywords = {Embedded systems; Reliability; Fault-tolerance ; Design optimization; Model-driven development}, }